volume-03-Issue 1 (2011)
Latest Articles
Control of a DC/DC Buck Converter by Fuzzy Logic of a Pumping Solar System
IJTEE, volume-03, Issue 1 (2011) , PP 53 - 57
Published: 27 Jan 2011
DOI: 10.5383/ijtee.03.01.009
by N. Mazouz, A. Midoun from Laboratory of Power Electronics and Solar Energy. Department of Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Sciences and Technology of Oran. BP 1505 El M’naouer 31000, Oran, Algeria
Abstract: The exploitation of the solar energy is very significant for Algeria (a very sunny country). Moreover, the dryness phenomenon in this country imposes more and more the use of pumping plants. In our work, we propose a technique for the identification of the Maximum Power Point (MPP) based on fuzzy logic. This method is used to generate the cyclic ratio to operate the switcher within the maximum power of a photovoltaic array (PV). For simulation purpose we made a complete modelling of the entire system. The system carried out consists of a photovoltaic generator supplying, through a DC converter, a direct current (DC) engine coupled to a centrifugal pump. Our experimental bench consists of two principal units. A DC converter module composed of IGBT power transistors. And a processing module connected to a PC serial port, handling the input signals delivered by photovoltaic generator and controlling the power unit. The obtained experimental results show on the one hand the utility of the fuzzy controller for the optimization of the system, and on the other hand the match with the results of simulation which is very satisfactory. read more... read less...
Keywords: Pumping, Fuzzy Logic, MPPT, Photovoltaic array, Cyclic Ratio, DC Converter.
Design, Construction and Operation of Solar Heating Coil
IJTEE, volume-03, Issue 1 (2011) , PP 47 - 51
Published: 27 Jan 2011
DOI: 10.5383/ijtee.03.01.008
by R. Abu-Mallouh, O. Badran, S. Abdallah, Y. Abdellatif from Applied Sciences University, Amman 11931, Jordan, Al-Balqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan
Abstract: In this work a novel design of a solar heating system is suggested, which is the solar heating coil. A computerized sun tracking system was used for rotating the solar heating coil with the movement of the sun. An experimental study was conducted to investigate the performance of the solar heating coil with two axes tracking and without tracking. The results indicate that in the case of exposing the SHC to the sun for 30 minutes, the heating coil with two axes tracking can increase water temperature from 24 ºC to 91 ºC, while the heating system without tracking can increase water temperature from 24 ºC to 57 ºC. read more... read less...
Keywords: solar heating coil, sun tracking
Adaptive Prediction of the Performance of a Photovoltaic Solar Integrated System
IJTEE, volume-03, Issue 1 (2011) , PP 43 - 46
Published: 27 Jan 2011
DOI: 10.5383/ijtee.03.01.007
by Moh’d Sami Ashhab from Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13115, Jordan
Abstract: The performance of an experimental photovoltaic (PV) solar system is predicted using adaptive artificial neural networks (ANNs). The performance of the system is represented by its important efficiencies. An ANN model that predicts these efficiencies from relevant measurements exits in the literature. Adaptive online techniques are applied to the existing ANN model for the PV solar integrated system. The on-line ANN uses the error between the ANN predicted efficiency and the efficiency measurement from the appropriately selected sensors and efficiency laws to update the network’s parameters recursively. The adaptation scheme is based on the Kaczmar's algorithm and improves the ANN prediction accuracy when the PV solar system parts degrade, the date within the year changes and in the presence of modelling errors. Thus, the ANN prediction capability improves especially over the long-time horizon. The adaptive model for the PV solar system can be used to estimate precisely the system parameters which will produce maximum efficiencies and consequently will enable the best design for the PV solar system read more... read less...
Keywords: : PV Solar System, Adaptive Algorithm, Neural Networks
Global Climate Changes and Effects on Urban Climate of Urban Green Spaces
IJTEE, volume-03, Issue 1 (2011) , PP 37 - 41
Published: 27 Jan 2011
DOI: 10.5383/ijtee.03.01.006
by Serpil Onder, Sukru Dursun from Selcuk University, Agriculture Faculty, Department of Landscape Architecture, Konya, Turkey, Selcuk University, Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Konya, Turkey
Abstract: Global climate change and drought are major threats of our age. The future of earth ecosystems is increasingly dependent on the patterns of urban growth because cities are growing rapidly worldwide. Urban ecosystems differ from natural or rural ones in many obvious ways and are also often of poorer quality than their rural equivalents. Human activities, such as building, traffic, or industrial production affect the quality of air, water, and soil which impacts ecosystems in many ways and the activities is causing global climate changes. Green space is an important part of complex urban ecosystems and provides significant ecosystem services. There are positive contributions on a properly designed and implemented a green space for bio-climatic environment creation, micro-air-climate creation, climate control to provide increase of oxygen decrease of pollution amount and dust reduction, energy savings provision, reduce the negative effects of rainfall, some benefits on city climate. In this study, on global warming and climate changes important threats of our era and effect on the environmental damage will be highlighted. Creation of the green spaces and the positive contribution to climate in the city will be described read more... read less...
Keywords: Global climate change, urban ecology, urban green spaces.
Proposed Energy Saving Techniques for Multi-Apartment Buildings in Jordan
IJTEE, volume-03, Issue 1 (2011) , PP 27 - 36
Published: 27 Jan 2011
DOI: 10.5383/ijtee.03.01.005
by N. Beithou, Y. Abdellatif, M. Al-Taani, M. Abu Hilal from Engineering Faculty, Applied Science University, Amman 11931, Jordan, Engineering Faculty, Alnajah University, Palestine
Abstract: During the last decade and as a result of the significant increase in the population of Jordan, multi-apartment buildings became the most dominant building format, especially in Amman the capital of Jordan. The lack of well-developed passive heating, cooling and energy saving solutions, made the reliance on central heating in winter and air conditioners in summer the prominent choice for residents. The sustained significant increase in the use of these high energy consuming systems, have started to exert a heavy toll on the national economy and have raised environmental and public health concerns. This study is devoted to the analysis of heating and cooling problems in the new multi-apartment buildings in Jordan. The main focus of this study is to minimize fuel and electricity consumption. Techniques for heating and cooling are proposed. This study shows that the proposed techniques will lead to significant savings in total energy consumption. These savings will lead to multifield benefits including a welcomed relief to lower and middle-class family budgets, a significant reduction in the national reliance on imported energy, and a significant reduction in greenhouse emissions. Nevertheless, a wider and more specific study could be done for optimizing the loads and choosing the best air conditioning system read more... read less...
Keywords: Energy Management, Multi-Apartment, Building Energy Saving, Renewable energy.
Design and Construction of a Green, Controlled-Environment Dwelling in Jordan
IJTEE, volume-03, Issue 1 (2011) , PP 21 - 25
Published: 27 Jan 2011
DOI: 10.5383/ijtee.03.01.004
by Abdul Hai Alami from Mechanical Engineering Department, Higher Colleges of Technology, Al-Ain, UAE, 17155
Abstract: This paper investigates the design and implementation of an enclosure that uses locally developed technologies in terms of insulation and solar thermal heating, as well as exploit the location of Jordan as a recipient of a formidable amount of solar radiation per year to create and maintain a dwelling where the environment is kept at an excellent level of thermal comfort all year round. read more... read less...
Keywords: Solar energy, green buildings, Thermal solar collectors and photovoltaic cells
Utilizing Renewable Energy Resources to Solve Nigeria’s Electricity Generation Problem
IJTEE, volume-03, Issue 1 (2011) , PP 15 - 20
Published: 27 Jan 2011
DOI: 10.5383/ijtee.M3.MN.0MP
by Nnamdi I. Nwulu, O. Phillips Agboola, from Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Near East University, Lefkosa, North Cyprus, Mechanical Engineering Department, Eastern Mediterranean University , Famagusta, via Mersin 10,Turkey
Abstract: There is a paradigm shift in the way energy resources are utilized in today’s world, the shift to renewable source is not only environmentally friendly but it is almost available in every country. Most developed nations are increasingly doing away with traditional energy sources and embracing renewable energy to satisfy their energy needs, the case of Brazil and the use of ethanol in transportation is a vivid example. This paper considers the case of Nigeria which at the moment is grappling with a serious electrical power crisis. The paper reviews the state of the electrical industry in the country considering the pattern of electricity generation and consumption over the last couple of decades and also delves into the renewable energy resources potential of Nigeria. The paper proposes how the renewable sources can be used to improve the power generation in the country. An estimate of major renewable energy resources specifically Hydropower, solar, wind and biomass were provided. One major observation of this paper is that Nigeria can adequately meet her energy demands and simultaneously export electrical power to her neighbours due to the vast amount of renewable energy resources she possesses (from hydropower sources alone Nigeria can source 11 GW which is almost double present installed electrical energy capacity).This paper also suggested practical insights on how to utilize these renewable energy resources in order to solve the country’s long running electricity problem read more... read less...
Keywords: Renewable energy resources, Electricity generation, Nigeria, Energy demand, Hydropower, solar, wind, biomass.
Potential Geothermal Energy Utilization in Jordan: Possible Electrical Power Generation
IJTEE, volume-03, Issue 1 (2011) , PP 9 - 14
Published: 27 Jan 2011
DOI: 10.5383/ijtee.03.01.002
by Z.S.H. Abu-Hamatteh, Khitam Al-Zughoul, Saleh Al-Jufout from Faculty of Engineering Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan 19117 (On sabbatical leave at The World Islamic Sciences and Education University), Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan, 13115 c Faculty of Engineering, Tafila Technical University, Tafila, Jordan, 66110
Abstract: Jordan, which is considered as part of the ring of fire, is tectonically active and could be considered as potential region for future generation of energy from the available geothermal energy resources. The current article discusses the possibility of utilizing geothermal energy in generating electrical power in Jordan. Jordan encounters geothermal energy resources in two main forms, medium and low energy with variation of temperature ranges from 110–114 Oc and 30–65 Oc, respectively. The various hot springs and wells have been subjected to a comparison in terms of temperature and flow rate in order to determine the most suitable method for electric power generation. This comparison concluded that electrical power could be generated using geothermal binary power plants and geothermal Stirling engines. read more... read less...
Keywords: Geothermal Energy, Groundwater, Binary Power plant, Stirling Engine
Impact of Emulsified Water/Diesel Mixture on Engine Performance and Environment
IJTEE, volume-03, Issue 1 (2011) , PP 1 - 7
Published: 27 Jan 2011
DOI: 10.5383/ijtee.03.01.001
by Omar Badran, Sadeq Emeish, Mahmoud Abu-Zaid, Tayseer Abu-Rahma, Mohammad Al-Hasan, Mumin Al-Ragheb from Faculty of Eng. Tech., Mech. Eng. Dept, Al-Balqa Applied University, P.O. Box 15008, 11134, Amman, Jordan, Faculty of Eng. Tech., Chem. Eng. Dept, Al-Balqa Applied University, P.O. Box 15008, 11134, Amman, Jordan, Faculty of Eng., Mech. Eng. Dept, Mu’tah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
Abstract: An experimental investigation was carried out to produce a stable diesel-water emulsion fuel to be used in a diesel engine under different operating conditions. The proper mixing technique and emulsifying agent were used to produce stable emulsions of 10% to 30 % water by volume in diesel. The stability of these emulsions ranges from one week up to 4 weeks. The physical properties of stable water-diesel emulsions such as density, viscosity and pour point were observed. The effect of water-diesel concentrations, on the performance of a single cylinder diesel engine in terms of engine speed, torque, brake power output, brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature and emissions such as NOx and particulate matter (PM) were studied. The results showed that the water emulsification has a potential to improve the diesel engine performance and to reduce gas pollutants read more... read less...
Keywords: Diesel engine; Water-diesel Emulsions; Physical properties; Engine speed; Brake power output; Brake specific fuel; gas emission