volume-05-Issue 1 (2013)
Latest Articles
Impact of Olives Storage and Irrigation with Treated Wastewater on the Oil Quality: Simulation of Olive Mill Conditions
SWES, volume-05, Issue 1 (2013) , PP 51 - 57
Published: 24 Jun 2013
DOI: 10.5383/swes.05.01.008
by M. Gharsallaoui , C. Benincasa, M. Ayadi , E. Perri, M. Khlif , S. Gabsi from Olive Tree Institute BP1087 Sfax 3000 Tunisia, C.R.A. Istituto Sperimentale per l’Olivicoltura, via Li Rocchi 111, 87036 Rende (Cs), Italy , National school of Engineering, Gabes, Tunisia
Abstract: The purpose of this research was to assess the impact of irrigation by treated wastewater on the Tunisian olive oil quality. In this experiment, olives from fields irrigated with TWW were transported to the laboratory and mixed with other batches of olives, at different proportions, of the same variety and coming from olive groves not irrigated. In order to meet the work schedule of Tunisian mills, the mixtures of olives obtained were stored in a laboratory at room temperature for 3, 6 and 9 days before being crushed. The results showed that the acidity and the carotene content of the oils does not depend on the irrigation system, but are dependent on the duration of olive storage before the extraction. On the contrary, the irrigation system affects the oxidation state of the oils and their fatty acid composition read more... read less...
Keywords: treated wastewater, irrigation, mill conditions, olive oil quality
Preparation, Characterization and Application of Chitosan/ Polyethylene Glycol Blend Film for Removal of Iron from Water
SWES, volume-05, Issue 1 (2013) , PP 43 - 49
Published: 23 Jun 2013
DOI: 10.5383/swes.05.01.007
by Neama A. Reiad, Omar E. Abdelsalam, Ehab F. Abadir, Farid A. Harraz from Sanitary & Environmental Department, Housing & Building National Research Center, Dokki 11511, Egypt, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt , Advanced Materials Technology Department, Central Metallurgical R & D Institute (CMRDI), Cairo 11421, Egypt
Abstract: Cross-linked chitosan (CS) with sub-micrometre porous structure were prepared by extraction of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) from CS/PEG blend film according to wet phase inversion method and were examined for iron removal from aqueous solutions. The developed films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis to understand their Physico-chemical properties. The adsorption parameters, such as contact time, pH, and metal ion concentration were studied. By increasing CS:PEG ratio in the blend film the adsorption capacity of iron ions increases, and the equilibrium achieved after 60 minutes. The experimental data were better fitted to Freundlich equation than Langmuir equation. The regenerated blend films could be used up to four cycles of adsorption/desorption without losing efficiency. read more... read less...
Keywords: Chitosan, Blend Film, Adsorption, Iron Ions
Science Policy and Implications for Sustainable Development- The Case of Jordan
SWES, volume-05, Issue 1 (2013) , PP 35 - 42
Published: 23 Jun 2013
DOI: 10.5383/swes.05.01.006
by Odeh Al-Jayyousi , Abeer Arafat , Suha Shouqar from Vice President for Science and Research, Royal Scientific Society, Jordan , Knowledge Management Officer, Royal Scientific Society, Jordan , Research Assistant to HRH, President of RSS Royal Scientific Society, Jordan
Abstract: This paper aims to review the science policy in selected countries, i.e., US, UK, Malaysia and Turkey. It intends to document best practices in STI to inform science policy in Jordan. Science policy for sustainable development will be assessed and compared in light of international experience. The necessary conditions and enabling environment needed to root science in society will be outlined. “In the memory of the victims of Oslo and UtøyaIsland, 22nd of July 2011” read more... read less...
Keywords: science policy, innovation, sustainable development, Jordan.
The Effect of TDS on the Hydrogen and Oxygen Production Using Photovoltaic Power Generation System
SWES, volume-05, Issue 1 (2013) , PP 31 - 34
Published: 23 Jun 2013
DOI: 10.5383/swes.05.01.005
by Salah Abdallah , Essam Yousef , Issameddin Abdullah , Asma Tamime from a University of Business & Technology, Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ,Applied Science University, Amman 11931, Jordan, Department of Mechatronic Engineering, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
Abstract: In this work, an experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) on the hydrogen and oxygen production using photovoltaic power generation system. A testing rig was built, where the process of splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen occurs when a DC current generated by a photovoltaic system is passed between two electrodes, immersed in water and separated by a non-electrical conducting material which is resistive Teflon. The results of experimentation indicate that within the range of TDS from zero to 2000 ppm, the higher TDS level gave better production, and when the level equals zero it gave no production at all. read more... read less...
Keywords: Hydrogen and oxygen production, TDS, Photovoltaic
Combined Energy-Water-Food (EWF) Procession: Project-based Approach to the Sustainable Development of North-Sinai Settlements
SWES, volume-05, Issue 1 (2013) , PP 21 - 30
Published: 24 Jun 2013
DOI: 10.5383/swes.05.01.004
by Sherif A. Sheta from Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Architectural Engineering, Mansoura, Egypt 35516
Abstract: The tripod of energy, water, and food (EWF) are recognized as the key driver of any socio-economic development worldwide. In Egypt, attention is being increasingly given to the impact of population growth and urban and rural development on the environment. This research-based study is aimed at promoting a combined technique that can probably enforce the agricultural development strategy and issues of food security in terms of water and energy efficiency in new desert settlements in Egypt. It hypothesizes that combined appropriate technologies can pave the way to an enabling setting that secures a more sustainable use of the available natural resources. The goal is to approach an interdisciplinary research system that employs an EWF technique, while better identifying national and cross cutting priorities in the environment and climate change related sectors. To attain this goal, the study is determined to explore the potential of integrating these combined techniques into the settlement context and envision this integration in terms of their technical performance, economic payback and social impact. Methods used include the integration of building attached greenhouses (B-GH), water desalination, sol-water ponds, and solar collectors for attaining greenhouse cooling loads and seawater desalination. read more... read less...
Keywords: Combined Techniques, Renewable Energy, Water, Food, EWF, Sustainable Settlements, North Sinai.
Experimental Investigation of a Novel Solar Powered Psychometric Low Grade Water Desalination System
SWES, volume-05, Issue 1 (2013) , PP 13 - 20
Published: 23 Jun 2013
DOI: 10.5383/swes.05.01.003
by Mahmoud Shatat , Saffa Riffat, Mark Worall from Institute of Sustainable Energy Technology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
Abstract: Many countries around the world and especially in the Middle East and MENA region are struggling to provide their people with clean water under the rapid global climate change circumstances. Hence Drinking water of acceptable quality has become a scarce commodity. This paper describes the results of experimental and theoretical investigations of the operation of an efficient small scale water desalination system using the psychometric humidification and dehumidification process. The test results demonstrate that at temperatures in the range 54 Oc to 63oC, the system produces about 3.5 kg/hr of fresh water with high desalination efficiency. The experimental and theoretical values for the total daily water output were found to be closely correlated. A synthetic brackish water solution was used for the tests and its total dissolved solids (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC) were measured. The analysis of the product water showed that its quality was within the World Health Organization guidelines. Following the experimental calibration of the mathematical model, it was demonstrated that the performance of the system could be improved to produce a considerably higher amount of fresh water and it would be an ideal solution to produce drinkable water for local residents in remote areas. read more... read less...
Keywords: Water Desalination, Psychometric, Humidification, Dehumidification, Water Quality
The Effect of PH on the Hydrogen and Oxygen Production Using Photovoltaic Power Generator
SWES, volume-05, Issue 1 (2013) , PP 7 - 12
Published: 23 Jun 2013
DOI: 10.5383/swes.05.01.002
by Salah Abdallah , Essam Yousef , Mohammad Katab , Issameddin Abdullah from University of Business & Technology, Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Applied Science University, Amman 11931, Jordan
Abstract: In this work, an experimental study was conducted to In this work, an experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of PH on the hydrogen and oxygen production using photovoltaic power generation system. A testing rig was built, where the process of splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen occurs when a DC current generated by a photovoltaic system is passed between two electrodes, immersed in water and separated by a non-electrical conducting material which is resistive Teflon. The results of experimentation indicate that within the range of PH from 3 to 13, the further PH levels gets from PH=7 gives better hydrogen and oxygen production. Alkaline region gave better production. In this work, an experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of PH on the hydrogen and oxygen production using photovoltaic power generation system. A testing rig was built, where the process of splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen occurs when a DC current generated by a photovoltaic system is passed between two electrodes, immersed in water and separated by a non-electrical conducting material which is resistive Teflon. The results of experimentation indicate that within the range of PH from 3 to 13, the further PH levels gets from PH=7 gives better hydrogen and oxygen production. Alkaline region gave better production. investigate the effect of PH on the hydrogen and oxygen production using photovoltaic powergeneration system. A testing rig was built, where the process of splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen occurs when a DC current generated by a photovoltaic system is passed between two electrodes, immersed in water and separated by a non-electrical conducting material which is resistive Teflon. The results of experimentation indicate that within the range of PH from 3 to 13, the further PH levels gets from PH=7 gives better hydrogen and oxygen production. Alkaline region gave better production. In this work, an experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of PH on the hydrogen and oxygen production using photovoltaic power generation system. A testing rig was built, where the process of splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen occurs when aDC current generated by a photovoltaic system is passed between two electrodes, immersed in water and separated by a non-electrical conducting material which is resistiveTeflon. The results of experimentation indicate that within the range of PH from 3 to 13, the further PH levels gets from PH=7 gives better hydrogen and oxygen production. Alkaline region gave better production. read more... read less...
Keywords: Hydrogen and oxygen production, PH, photovoltaic
Condenser Designs for Greenhouse Desalination
SWES, volume-05, Issue 1 (2013) , PP 1 - 6
Published: 23 Jun 2013
DOI: 10.5383/swes.05.01.001
by A. Alkhalidi , Y. Zurigat , B. Dawoud , T. Aldoss , G. Theodoridis from Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, USA, Mechanical Engineering Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khod, Oman, Technical ThermFlow Dynamics Hellas S.A. Simulation - Measurement - Optimization – Control, Thessaloniki, Greeceodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 8, D-52056 Aachen, Germany,Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Jordan for Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan,
Abstract: Innovative condenser designs were created in this study. The plate channelled condenser and the vibrating plastic surface condenser, first condenser design consisting of a cooled plate surface upon which water vapor, carried by saturated air, condenses at its outer surface. The plates are made of plastic and are constantly cooled by coolant flowing through internal passages within the plate. The second condenser design which is the vibrating plastic surface condenser consists of a very thin plastic sheet mounted on a frame. The plastic sheet vibrates by the impingements action of pressurized water sprayed from the rear side. Experimental tests were done to investigate condensate production rate per unit area. These results were then compared to conventional vertical fin-tube bank condenser designs used by other investigators. The comparison showed that a higher rate of condensate production (an increase of 16.4%) is achieved using the plate channelled which is simpler and less expensive condenser than other designs. On the other hand, the vibrating plastic surface condenser did not meet the expected performance. read more... read less...
Keywords: Condenser,plastic sheet,cooled plate surface